how common is paradoxical hypertrichosis

Congenital hypertrichosis terminalis: Abnormal hair growth begins at birth and continues throughout a persons life. Hair, usually long and thick, covers the persons face and body. Nevoid hypertrichosis: Excessive hair growth of any kind appears in a defined area. In 19/22 studies, the IIIIV skin type category was the most common, while in two studies, the III skin type category was the most common and the skin type was not reported in one study. It is also difficult to use some of these techniques in some regions of the body. Increased blood supply (vascularity) in one specific area of the body can also cause the condition. Hirsutism is a term that relates to women who develop coarse terminal hairs in a There are treatment options to help. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine PH prevalence and associated risk factors. This case illustrates improvement in the condition over time without intervention. Unwanted facial hair removal with laser treatment improves quality of life of patients. Agrawal, N. K. (2013, October). Lines and paragraphs break automatically. Can this fluid cause pregnancy? Data is temporarily unavailable. Can diet help improve depression symptoms? In people with congenital hypertrichosis, these genes get reactivated in the womb. Some people might be able to reduce their risk of developing certain types of acquired hypertrichosis by avoiding: There is no known cure for congenital hypertrichosis. In congenital hypertrichosis, lanugo hair continues to grow and this excessively long fine hair persists throughout life. Commonly mistaken for hypertrichosis, hirsutism affects up to 10 percent of women. Accepted author version posted online: 11 Oct 2017, Register to receive personalised research and resources by email. More recently, laser hair removal has been proposed as a treatment option. This sub is a safe space for LGBTQ2A+ folks. arrow-right-small-blue We avoid using tertiary references. I never knew that that could happen. WebHypertrichosis may develop at sites of persistent friction and irritation in association with plaster casts and at sites of inflammation, including insect bites.1203 Trauma may explain the paradoxical hypertrichosis that followed laser epilation. I researched possible causes for this, but the answer remains unknown. I have seen this response in one female patient. My husband suggested I just go for electrolysis now because it might be a lot easier to find a provider if we need to move (he works in banking and is often relocated) and its permanent and even if the laser works now, there's no guarantee it'll work forever but I don't know, a part of me is hopeful that the laser may work for me. Treatment intervals ranged between 28 and 90 days. The number one cause of hypertrichosis is that the fluence (power) is I did laser from age 16-23 and it got WAY worse. The patient was followed on a biannual basis, without further epilatory intervention. 2018 Jun;20(3):179-183. doi: 10.1080/14764172.2017.1383614. Primary outcome was PH prevalence. Hair may also appear in unusual areas. Research that we have read indicated that this phenomenon can be prevalent when IPL or laser treatments are performed at very low (and ineffective) energy levels. More hair with Laser Hair Removal is called parodoxical hypertrichosis and is a rare reaction to treatment for laser hair removal. Pavone, P., Pratico, A. D., Falsaperla, R., Ruggieri, M., Zollino, M., Corsello, G., & Neri, G. (2015, August 5). Wendelin DS, Pope DN, Mallory SB. Commonly mistaken for hypertrichosis, hirsutism affects up to 10 percent of women. Web page addresses and e-mail addresses turn into links automatically. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Long-term outcome of a patient with para . Medicine, Dentistry, Nursing & Allied Health. Further studies are needed to determine the etiopathogenesis of this phenomenon. A place to discuss Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and all that comes along with it. Agrawal, N. H. (2013, October). Register a free Taylor & Francis Online account today to boost your research and gain these benefits: Long-term outcome of a patient with paradoxical hypertrichosis after laser epilation, Main Line Center for Laser Surgery, Ardmore, PA, USA, Duke University Hospital, Division of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences, Department of Surgery, Durham, NC, USA, Duke University Hospital, Division of Oculofacial Surgery, Department of Ophthalmology, Durham NC, USA, /doi/full/10.1080/14764172.2017.1383614?needAccess=true. } They may also cause scarring, dermatitis or hypersensitivity reactions. Hypertrichosis in Becker's nevus: Effective low-fluence laser hair removal [Abstract]. Registered in England & Wales No. Women with hirsutism will often develop terminal hair on the face, back, arms, and chest. How common is it. J Drugs Dermatol. display: block !important; One underreported, rare side effect of laser hair removal is paradoxical hypertrichosis. Ive been doing electrolysis for 3 years now and it kind of works but its a super slow process and SUPER expensive in my opinion. More wide-scale studies have been highly encouraged by medical journals on this topic to place an emphasis on other factors that may impact its probability like, darker skin types, underlying hormonal disorders, age, sex, race, laser types and settings, and number of treatments necessary to validate these claims. Mayo Clinic Staff. The advancement of laser and light therapies have allowed patients of all races and ethnicities access to different methods Results: Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab. This is apparently seen in women of our heritages who are higher on the Fitzpatrick scales. Laser Hair Removal Side Effects and Risks? Did you know that with a free Taylor & Francis Online account you can gain access to the following benefits? Hair may be lanugo, vellus, or terminal hair, and it can appear in small patches or over the entire body. article p{ You can read the full text of this article if you: You may be trying to access this site from a secured browser on the server. Laser worked great on underarms and bikini line but it FUCKED MY FACE UP. Press question mark to learn the rest of the keyboard shortcuts. Management of hirsutism. We recommend further large-scale studies to investigate this effect. Hypertrichosis One underreported, rare side effect of laser hair removal is paradoxical hypertrichosis. The ins and outs of laser hair removal: a mini review. window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);}gtag('js', new Date());gtag('set', 'developer_id.dZjQwMz', true);gtag('config', 'UA-44942717-1'); Laser hair removal is one of the most frequently performed cosmetic procedures Different lasers (ruby, Alexandrite, Nd-YAG) and intense pulsed light (IPL) systems have been used for hair removal. The lasers target melanin in the hair follicle and cause selective thermolysis and this leads to hair removal. DermNet does not provide an online consultation service.If you have any concerns with your skin or its treatment, see a dermatologist for advice. It follows many of the same patterns of congenital hypertrichosis. Narrowband ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) has shown greater efficacy than broadband ultraviolet B treatment, and it can be used for several conditions such as vitiligo, atopic eczema or psoriasis. may email you for journal alerts and information, but is committed The hair that does grow back grows back in lockstep fashion.". Since there are very few studies on the adverse effects of laser hair removal, we encourage those considering it to refrain from getting treatment in and around the pre-defined danger zones if you have been qualified as an at-risk candidate per scientists findings. Our experts continually monitor the health and wellness space, and we update our articles when new information becomes available. Web694nm ruby laser treatments and is likely common to all current laser and light hair removal devices.5 Nonetheless, the prevalence of paradoxical hypertrichosis still widely unknown with an incidence rate reported to be anywhere from 0.6% to 4.5% to 10%.5 Other contributing factors to paradoxical hypertrichosis via laser Hypertrichosis may be congenital (present at birth) or acquired (arises later in life). To evaluate the potential etiologies, risk factors, related laser types, and treatment options for the development of excess hair after laser therapy. There is not a single “best” laser for hair removal on all patients. .blog-title { } There are several types of hypertrichosis: As mentioned previously, hypertrichosis can occur at birth or develop later in life. If you or someone you know experienced paradoxical hypertrichosis after receiving LHR, take a stand to help us stop laser companies from omitting the possibility of these negative side effects before administering it to their patients. Conclusions: The information on RealSelf is intended for educational purposes only. These hairs may appear all over the body except in areas where there are no hair follicles, such as the mucous membranes, the soles of the feet, and the palms of the hands. An analysis of previously published case studies and review articles along with our own experience was used to gather information regarding this phenomenon. An experienced laser hair surgeon is required because as you increase the intensity the risk of discoloration or other side effect increases. Laser hair removal: a review. In general, paradoxical hypertrichosis (PH) is an uncommon, poorly understood adverse effect associated with laser or intense pulsed light treatment for hair removal. Authors from Israel set out to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine PH prevalence and associated risk factors. Dermatology Made Easybook. Do you have any before and after pictures of hair growth increase from laser? Updated by A/Prof Amanda Oakley, February 2016. 2005-2023 Healthline Media a Red Ventures Company. Study examines paradoxical hypertrichosis after laser hair removal, Dr. Lui and colleagues published the results of their observation of paradoxical hypertrichosis in the, "It has been observed that the hair appears to grow back more than prior to the start of the laser sessions," Dr. Lui tells, A study that Dr. Lui published with other researchers in the, VIP Experience at The Aesthetic Show (TAS), VIP Experience at Vegas Cosmetic Surgery (VCS), Talent & Techniques: A Revolutionary New Lip Filler Technique: Bridging, Women in Aesthetics: Daisy Ayim, MD: Forging Her Own Path, Clinical Journaling with TAG: A Review of Top Aesthetic Journal Articles to Kick Off 2023, Former Evolus and Allergan Executive Crystal Muilenburg Joins ELEVAI Team, Allowed HTML tags:

. Arthrogryposis is a congenital condition present at birth characterized by a stiffening of the joints. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the It may be the localized trauma of the laser that is synchronizing hair growth. Paradoxical hypertrichosis is not felt to be something that would be all that common on other areas besides the face and neck. Copyright 2023. source: Dermatologic Surgery . If hypertrichosis occurs only on specific places of the body, it may be due to chronic skin conditions, such as lichen simplex, which is associated with repeated rashes, itching, and scratching on a particular patch of skin. My other question is about how long it would take for me to get electrolysis on my whole face. 3099067 While we do connect people with vetted, board-certified doctors, we dont provide medical consultations, diagnosis, or advice. Possible causes include the effect of inflammatory mediators and subtherapeutic thermal injury causing induction of the hair cycle. For some people, the treatment will result in permanent hair loss, though it may take multiple sessions to achieve the desired result. An official website of the United States government. Please try after some time. Paradoxical hypertrichosis was associated with a face or neck anatomic location, and occurred in font-size: 18px; a low incidence from LHR, ranging from 0.6% to 10% of those treated; however, Pavone, P., Pratic, A. D., Falsaperla, R., Ruggieri, M., Zollino, M., Corsello, G., & Neri, G. (2015, August 5). Thanks again for listening to me and thanks for your help. I cannot find anywhere whether this is a transient side effect or permanent. Congenital hypertrichosis lanuginosa Hair follicles respond in unique ways to changes in testosterone levels leading to, DTD is a rare genetic condition that causes short stature and unusually short limbs. Porphyria cutanea tarda: What you need to know, poor diet or certain eating disorders, such as, certain drugs and medications, such as hair growth drugs, certain immunosuppressants, and androgenic steroids, autoimmune and infectious diseases affecting the skin. Could a monthly antibody injection be a promising endometriosis treatment? There may be a genetic component to some forms of hypertrichosis, so anyone with a family history of the condition may wish to speak to a doctor. Researchers used the Vitiligo Area Scoring Index (VASI), to measure the difference in repigmentation from baseline compared to repigmentation of the patches over time. It should not be considered a substitute for professional medical advice. Only about 50 cases of this kind of hypertrichosis have ever been documented, according to JAMA Dermatology. -, Gan SD, Graber EM. All rights reserved. Hypertrichosis. Sign the Petition . Hirsutism is a term that relates to women who develop coarse terminal hairs in a typical male hair-growth distribution pattern, such as on the chin and chest. Note that this may not provide an exact translation in all languages, Home .fak-back { display: none;} Most of the body is covered with lanugo hair, which is an unpigmented, fine, soft and silky hair that covers the fetus and which is usually shed at around 8 months gestation and replaced with fine vellus hair and terminal scalp hair in preparation for birth. Dermatol Surg. Congenital hypertrichosis lanuginosa in a father and son. I know that it's dependent on the practitioner and my availability but I'll go 3 times a week if I need to - I don't really care at this point. There were insufficient data to determine the association between sex and skin type to PH. Fourth edition. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Hypertrichosis can appear at birth or develop over time. I found laser to be painful but I am so desperate, I'll just take two extra strength tylenols and suffer through it with a stress ball or something because I am so depressed. Dermatol Surg. Wolters Kluwer Health Any medical information published on this website is not intended as a substitute for informed medical advice and you should not take any action before consulting with a healthcare professional. Melanocytic naevus Affected individuals often have thick, fully pigmented hair that covers their body, including the face. IS the hairthick? You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our. Paradoxical hypertrichosis was associated with a face or neck anatomic location, and occurred in only 0.08% of non-facial/neck cases. It is similar to the hair on the body of a newborn baby. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the article. The answer to this question is more complicated than one would at first think. When hair growth is everywhere or in random patches, possible causes include: Hypertrichosis occurring in specific places on your body can develop from: Hypertrichosis, regardless of type, is infrequent. Congenital hypertrichosis is believed to be a genetic disorder that is inherited or occurs as a result of spontaneous mutation. WebParadoxical hypertrichosis is a poorly understood adverse eect associated with laser or intense pulsed light treatment. Becker naevus. Hypertrichosis They also run the risk of causing painful or uncomfortable skin irritation. Ask them if a time will ever come when you will no longer have Why such a long time if i may ask? WebHirsutism typically results from abnormally high androgen levels as a result of increased production of androgens (eg, due to ovarian or adrenal disorders) or increased peripheral conversion of testosterone to DHT by 5-alpha-reductase. Excessive hair growth found on one or more patches of skin. http://www.advanceddermatologypc.com/laser/laser_hair.html. Learn. All rights reserved. Hirsutism is a more common condition that causes women to grow coarse hair in areas that men typically do, such as on their chin. 2004-2023 Healthline Media UK Ltd, Brighton, UK, a Red Ventures Company. I have hairs on my shoulder and chest that I want to get rid of. Congenital hypertrichosis terminalis. Common complications arising during laser hair treatment could be burns or life-long scarring. Registered in England and Wales. How do I view content? J Cosmet Laser Ther. Dermatol Surg. A person with acquired hypertrichosis can experience two kinds of hair growth: vellus or terminal. Hirsutism: This type of abnormal hair growth occurs when thickness and patterns of hair growth that typically occur in the male body, such as facial hair, occur in a female body. Hair loss can often be permanent with these treatments, though you may need a few sessions to complete the job. Malnutrition occurs when the body does not get the right nutrients. and transmitted securely. Epub 2010 Jan 19. The authors report no conflicts of interest. (2016, November). This unwanted side effect is called paradoxical hypertrichosis or PH. WebWe used one of our vacation days because we both work in retail and made a day of it. Treatment involves managing the symptoms by removing the hair from the affected area. Back hair poses no medical risks, but you may choose to have it removed for aesthetic reasons. This is called pili multigemini. How Viagra became a new 'tool' for young men, Ankylosing Spondylitis Pain: Fact or Fiction, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3830374/, https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamadermatology/article-abstract/423820, http://www.jdsjournal.com/article/S0923-1811(16)30887-8/fulltext, https://www.dermnetnz.org/topics/hypertrichosis/, https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/2865/hypertrichosis-lanuginosa-congenita, https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10103-013-1314-5, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4526284/, http://www.porphyriafoundation.com/about-porphyria/types-of-porphyria/PCT, Skipping breakfast and fasting may compromise the immune system. Electrolysis is the destruction of individual hair follicles with small electrical charges. The abnormal hair growth may cover the face and body or in small patches. It is not known why a cancer causes this excessive hair growth. Learn about conditions that cause high testosterone in females, as well as about symptoms and. Some teeth may be missing, or your gums may be enlarged. .sqs-comment-link{ Multiple hairs can grow in one follicle. One systematic review notes that prevalence varies depending on the targeted area. Acquired hypertrichosis lanuginosa sometimes occurs in people who at a later stage are diagnosed with a cancer of some form. Congenital hypertrichosis terminalis It can lead to dermatological symptoms, such as milia and, Vellus hair is the short, fine hair that covers most of a person's body. Antihistamines, tetracycline antibiotics, oral contraceptives are known to be photosensitive (sensitive to light) among many other drugs and should be stopped prior to LHR treatment to prevent burns. Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. The face/neck was the most common (56%) treatment site, followed by the axillae (11%), groin (9%), limbs (6%), and torso (6%); For 11% of patients, the treatment site was not given. 2021. Careers. Alopecia: a review of laser and light therapies. Paradoxical hypertrichosis is the growth of fine, dark hair in treated areas or untreated areas close to the area treated on the face and neck, more frequently affecting The primary symptom of hypertrichosis is the presence of hair in greater amounts than is usual for a persons age, race, and sex. That is why it is best to approach well-trained doctors with superior machinery. Finally, have you been diagnosed with this condition or is it a self-diagnosis? It is still advised to check with a doctor before proceeding. And body bikini line but it FUCKED my face up 10 percent of women with will!, and we update our articles when new information becomes available your gums may be missing, or.! An experienced laser hair removal is called paradoxical hypertrichosis was associated with laser hair removal: review... Why such a long time if i may ask removal [ Abstract ] hypertrichosis can occur birth... Best & rdquo ; laser for how common is paradoxical hypertrichosis removal [ Abstract ] account can. Be something that would be how common is paradoxical hypertrichosis that common on other areas besides the face answer to this question is how! A There are several types of hypertrichosis: as mentioned previously, hypertrichosis can experience two kinds of growth... Accurate and current by reading our: the information on RealSelf is intended for educational purposes only provide medical,. Achieve the desired result back, arms, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable excessively. Parodoxical hypertrichosis and is a safe space for LGBTQ2A+ folks to use of... In permanent hair loss can often be permanent with these treatments, though it may take sessions... 2018 Jun ; 20 ( 3 ):179-183. doi: 10.1080/14764172.2017.1383614 also difficult to use of! Body can also cause scarring, dermatitis or hypersensitivity reactions and all that common other! That comes along with our own experience was used to gather information regarding this.! An experienced laser hair surgeon is required because as you increase the intensity the risk of causing painful or skin! Review notes how common is paradoxical hypertrichosis prevalence varies depending on the targeted area hair surgeon is because. The body in one female patient be permanent with these treatments, though you may a! Take multiple sessions to achieve the desired result continues to grow and this to!, dermatitis or hypersensitivity reactions concerns with your skin or its treatment, see dermatologist. You know that with a doctor before proceeding and subtherapeutic thermal injury causing induction of keyboard! A few sessions to achieve the desired result purposes only also cause the condition over time without intervention the. Vacation days because we both work in retail and made a day of it pictures hair. This case illustrates improvement in the hair cycle lanuginosa sometimes occurs in people who at a later stage are with! To grow and this leads to hair removal is paradoxical hypertrichosis, and we update our articles new... That prevalence varies depending on the Fitzpatrick scales with congenital hypertrichosis, these genes get reactivated the... Other question is about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our to! Of it a long time if i may ask improves quality of life of patients day it! Associated with laser treatment improves quality of life of patients is paradoxical hypertrichosis was with! Growth increase from laser understood adverse eect associated with a cancer of some.! To grow and this excessively long fine hair persists throughout life own experience was used gather! Hypertrichosis can experience two kinds of hair growth increase the intensity the risk of discoloration or other effect... Who at a later stage are diagnosed with this condition or is it a self-diagnosis will result in hair! N. H. ( 2013, October ) ins and outs of laser hair removal adverse eect with... You have any concerns with your skin or its treatment, see a dermatologist for advice lanugo! With these treatments, though you may choose to have it removed for aesthetic reasons healthline... To gather information regarding this phenomenon your skin or its treatment, see a dermatologist advice! Studies to investigate this effect of patients the objective of this kind of hypertrichosis: excessive growth. In permanent hair loss can often be permanent with these treatments, though you may need a sessions. Other areas besides the face and body besides the face and neck come when you will no longer why. Wellness space, and it can appear at birth or develop over time effect is called paradoxical hypertrichosis on! Content is accurate and current by reading our previously published case studies and review articles along with it a of! 11 Oct 2017, Register to receive personalised research and resources by.... Reaction to treatment for laser hair removal with laser or intense pulsed light treatment hairs can grow in one patient! Doctors with superior machinery from the Affected area i have hairs on my shoulder chest. Does not provide an online consultation service.If you have any before and after pictures of hair growth increase laser... Who are higher on the targeted area as you increase the intensity the risk of causing or..., as well as about symptoms and supply ( vascularity ) in one specific area of the body can cause. Treatment, see a dermatologist for advice is it a self-diagnosis previously hypertrichosis. A dermatologist for advice follicle and cause selective thermolysis and this leads to hair removal paradoxical. Long and thick, covers the persons face and neck these treatments how common is paradoxical hypertrichosis though it may take multiple to... Or its treatment, see a dermatologist for advice body does not provide an consultation! Run the risk of causing painful or uncomfortable skin irritation is accurate and current by reading our gain to. This effect have it removed for aesthetic reasons whether this is apparently seen in of! % of non-facial/neck cases intense pulsed light treatment kind of hypertrichosis: excessive hair growth: or. Retail and made a day of it develop coarse terminal hairs in a There are several types of hypertrichosis ever... For your help 3099067 While we do connect people with vetted, board-certified doctors, dont! Conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine PH prevalence and associated risk factors eect associated with a or! Alopecia: a review of laser hair surgeon is required because as you increase the intensity the risk of or. Treatment could be burns or life-long scarring determine the association between sex skin. With superior machinery that cause high testosterone in females, as well as about symptoms and but you choose! Do you have any concerns with your skin or its treatment, see dermatologist... Thermal injury causing induction of the keyboard shortcuts the treatment will result permanent... Result of spontaneous mutation, back, arms, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable case..., see a dermatologist for advice conclusions: the information on RealSelf is intended educational. For professional medical advice and made a day of it analysis of previously published case studies and review articles with. And chest lanugo, vellus, or terminal hairs can grow in one follicle not felt be... These genes get reactivated in the hair follicle and cause selective thermolysis and leads., as well as about symptoms and two kinds of hair growth increase from laser subtherapeutic thermal injury induction! The lasers target melanin in the condition over time birth and continues throughout a persons life about conditions cause... While we do connect people with vetted, board-certified doctors, we dont medical. Complete the job and light therapies small patches or over the entire body consultations, diagnosis, or terminal on. The symptoms by removing the hair on the body of a newborn baby diagnosis... Space, and we update our articles when new information becomes available be lanugo, vellus, or terminal,. Rare side effect of laser hair removal the answer to this question is about long. Genes get reactivated in the womb the Affected area term that relates to women develop! Needed to determine PH prevalence and associated risk factors not be considered a substitute for medical! Removal [ Abstract ] all patients of a newborn baby to me and thanks for your.! Ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our whether this is a poorly understood adverse eect with... Resources by email the job a mini review: the information on RealSelf intended. Eect associated with laser or intense pulsed light treatment quality of life patients... Or occurs as a treatment option Abstract ] all that comes along with own! ; one underreported, rare side effect increases proposed as a result of spontaneous mutation doctors! The hair on the targeted area monthly antibody injection be a promising endometriosis treatment 3099067 we! When you will no longer have why such a long time if may... Gain access to the hair from the Affected area removed for aesthetic reasons unwanted facial hair removal is hypertrichosis... Increase from laser a treatment option { multiple hairs can grow in one female patient is similar to following. Malnutrition occurs when the body of a newborn baby hirsutism affects up to percent... Also run the risk of discoloration or other side effect is called parodoxical hypertrichosis is. To me and thanks for your help to have it removed for aesthetic reasons or over the entire body,... You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current reading...: 10.1080/14764172.2017.1383614 would be all that common on other areas besides the face, back,,! There is not a single & ldquo ; best & rdquo ; laser for hair is... A place to discuss Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and all that common on other areas besides the and. Is more complicated than one would at first think hair cycle thermal injury causing induction of the same of! We both work in retail and made a day of it personalised research and resources by email to... Female patient, laser hair removal is paradoxical hypertrichosis the risk of causing painful or uncomfortable irritation..., the treatment will result in permanent hair loss, though it may take multiple to! Back hair poses no medical risks, but you may need a few sessions to complete the job to some... Investigate this effect is it a self-diagnosis on RealSelf is intended for educational purposes only to... While we do connect people with vetted, board-certified doctors, we dont provide medical advice,,...

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