Each bracket, at the contact point between the supporting structure and the bottom of the bracket, shall be provided with a shoe (heel block or foot) capable of preventing the lateral movement of the bracket. Any part of a building or structure used to support the scaffold shall be capable of supporting the maximum intended load to be applied. Scaffolding in this Guide means the individual components, for example tubes, couplers Any part of a building or structure used to support the scaffold shall be capable of supporting the maximum intended load to be applied. The inboard end of outrigger beams, measured from the fulcrum point to the extreme point of anchorage, shall be not less than one and one-half times the outboard end in length. Most fatalities, however, happen when workers fall from: Employers must ensure that all walking and working surfaces have the structural integrity to: Controlled access zones serve a dual purpose they allow specially trained individuals (such as masons) to operate without traditional fall protection within a certain area, and: A system used to arrest a worker in a fall from a working level that consists of an anchorage, connectors, a body belt or body harness, and may include a lanyard, deceleration device, lifeline, or suitable combinations of these is called a: When no other alternative fall protection has been implemented, the employer shall implement a safety monitoring system. The following requirements do not apply to two-point adjustable suspension scaffolds used as masons' or stonesetters' scaffolds. Fixed Scaffolding Erection Scaffold must be erected, moved, or disassembled only by and under the supervision of qualied persons. We've updated our privacy policy. Vehicles and heavy equipment should always be kept clear of the scaffold base. This means guardrails, a personal fall arrest system or both, depending on the situation. You do not have access to www.concreteconstruction.net. The three main scaffold types are aerial lifts, supported scaffolds and: A. Tubular scaffolds Personal Fall Arrest System. Scaffolding is used for renovations, construction, maintenance, installations, and much more. The ropes shall be securely attached to the needle beams. Pole scaffolds over 60 feet in height shall be designed by a registered professional engineer, and shall be constructed and loaded in accordance with that design. C. Always use a PFAS when working over an unguarded or uncovered opening more than six feet above a lower level Do not force frames or . Form scaffold-inspection-report-tube-fitting-scaffolds, Construction safety pocket guide osha3252, Why osha scaffold safety training matters scaffold dos and donts, Construction Safety Training_Session 05_Access Equipment and Fall Protection, Safety practice ( SWEDISH COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING WAHCANTT), 5 tips for choosing the best Transportation Management System (TMS).pdf, Tetrahydrocurcumin vs Curcumin What Are The Differences.pdf, 5 Tips on Tenant Referencing for a Speedy Process.pdf, Target And Clinical Trial Progress of ADC In prostate Cancer.pdf, NewBase 02 March -2023 Energy News issue - 1598 by Khaled Al Awadi.pdf, SEAI Business Decarbonisation Supports SSRH and EXEED Schemes launch, No public clipboards found for this slide, Enjoy access to millions of presentations, documents, ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, and more. Supports for platforms shall be attached directly to the support stirrup and not to any other platform. Wood splice plates shall be provided on at least two adjacent sides, and shall extend at least 2 feet (0.6 m) on either side of the splice, overlap the abutted ends equally, and have at least the same cross-sectional areas as the pole. D. To ensure that medical personnel are available for every industry in which there are significant workplace hazards. Scaffolds are commonly used in construction work so that workers have a safe, stable platform on which to work when work cannot be done at ground level or on a finished floor. Do not sell or share my personal information. The sheaves of all blocks shall fit the size of the rope used. All other connections of the scaffold are tight and secure; c. All components of the scaffold, including planks, are securely fastened. Scaffolding is not to be erected, moved, dismantled or altered unless supervised by a . Non-mandatory Appendix A to this subpart contains examples of criteria that will enable an employer to comply with design and loading requirements for pole scaffolds under 60 feet in height. A good time to perform these inspections is at the start of the workday to ensure the area is clear for that day's shift. Scaffolds must be constructed of suitable structural materials. Crawling Board. A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: Answer: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold Manual force used to move the scaffold shall be applied as close to the base as practicable, but not more than 5 feet (1.5 m) above the supporting surface. The mission of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is: A. Scaffolding must be erected, altered, moved, and dismantled in accordance with applicable OSHA standards and under the direct supervision of a scaffold competent person. When erected and used properly, it serves its function well. A training program to teach proper lifting techniques should cover: A. By whitelisting SlideShare on your ad-blocker, you are supporting our community of content creators. Crawling boards shall extend from the roof peak to the eaves when used in connection with roof construction, repair, or maintenance. C. To send every worker home whole and healthy every day Electricity travels in closed circuits, and its normal route is through a conductor. The poles, legs, or uprights of scaffolds must be plumb, and securely and rigidly braced to prevent swaying and displacement. 10. Frequently used types of scaffolds include the employers in workdays not lost. A scaffold is a temporary, elevated platform that construction workers use for working safely at elevations. When platforms are being moved to the next level, the existing platform shall be left undisturbed until the new bearers have been set in place and braced prior to receiving the new platforms. Ensure the scaffold has not been compromised by snow or ice conditions. In addition to the applicable requirements of 1926.451, the following requirements apply to the specific types of scaffolds indicated. Install a suitable means of access, such as a sloping or vertical ladder secured to the scaffold at the landing point. A scaffold is a temporary structure specifically erected to support access or working platforms. An access ladder or equivalent safe access must be provided. All diagonal . 1926.451(a)(1) and (3) TrainingEmployers must train each employee who works on a scaffold on the hazards and the procedures to control the hazards. The first step in building a scaffold is to: A scaffold must be erected plumb, square, and level, because: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold. Before an abrasive wheel is mounted, it should be inspected closely and: Sound- or ring-tested to ensure that it is free from cracks or defects. Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. This means that whatever you're working on won't be tilted or sloped in any way. Position the first level of bracing as close to the base as possible. Personal Fall Arrest System, Guardrail System, or 3/4 inch (1.9 cm) grabline or equivalent handhold securely fastened beside each crawling board. Scaffolds may only be designed, set up, used, or maintained in accordance with: The most effective way to prevent exposure to crystalline silica is: Substitution of a product that contains silica with a product that doesnt contain silica. Your IP: 143.244.138.144, Requested URL: www.concreteconstruction.net/_view-object?id=00000154-24cb-db06-a1fe-77cb16a60000, User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/103.0.0.0 Safari/537.36. Scaffolds shall be suspended from metal outriggers, brackets, wire rope slings, hooks, or means that meet equivalent criteria (e.g., strength, durability). The checks above are common scaffolding faults to look out for that show you the scaffold structure is unsafe. In the case of materials handling, storage, use and disposal, remember that the main hazards are injuries from: Because the number of injuries from operating powered industrial trucks was on the rise, the OSHA standard for Powered Industrial Trucks was revised March 1, 1999. Review the foundation. Not tied. Smith, Michael Abbott, Fundamentals of Engineering Economic Analysis, David Besanko, Mark Shanley, Scott Schaefer. Scaffolds constructed of tube and coupler components shall also comply with the requirements of paragraph (b) of this section; Scaffolds constructed of fabricated frame components shall also comply with the requirements of paragraph (c) of this section. Employees are prohibited from working above other employees on the face of a sloped or benched excavation unless: Workers on lower level have overhead protection from falling objects. Bearers shall extend a minimum of 3 inches (7.6 cm) over the outside edges of runners. Folding type metal brackets, when extended for use, shall be either bolted or secured with a locking-type pin. Scaffold components. Most of these incident happen because of improper erection of the scaffold, inappropriate use by workers and the lack of inspection and maintenance of the scaffold after it has been erected. As an example, even in this day of steel and iron, scaffolds made from 1926.452 - Additional requirements applicable to specific types of scaffolds. The mission of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is: To send every worker home whole and healthy every day. Passage may be made from one platform to another only when the platforms are at the same height, are abutting, and walk-through stirrups specifically designed for this purpose are used. We thoroughly check each answer to a question to provide you with the most correct answers. improper grounding of circuitry and equipment. potential hazards that employers and workers need to be aware of so they can take the Scaffolds shall be used only for the purpose of working at the window opening through which the jack is placed. uses. The employer shall ensure that materials shall not be dropped to the outside of the supporting structure. Suspension ropes and cables shall be connected to the overhead supporting members by shackles, clips, thimbles, or other means that meet equivalent criteria (e.g., strength, durability). The poles, legs, or uprights of scaffolds must be plumb, and securely and rigidly braced to prevent swaying and displacement. Scaffolds shall be braced by cross, horizontal, or diagonal braces, or combination thereof, to prevent racking or collapse of the scaffold and to secure vertical members together laterally so as to automatically square and align the vertical members. 5% b. job, and he shouldhis life depends on it. Personal Fall Arrest System. 4. The scaffold must rest on a firm foundation, be plumb and braced to prevent swaying. The ladder must extend 1 m (3 ft.) above the landing. Be placed on a firm foundation and be uniformly level within 1 percent of level grade Do not abuse or misuse the scaffold equipment. Guardrails should be between 38" and 45" high. The fulcrum point of outrigger beams shall rest on secure bearings at least 6 inches (15.2 cm) in each horizontal dimension. when do Falls from scaffolds most likely occur, Guards rails must have a minimum height of _______and they must be installed where, 38 inches and along the open sides and ends of a scaffold, Guardrails are not needed on the fromt ( building side) of the scaffold when, 1. the front end of all platforms is less than 14 inches from the face of the work Runners must: Extend over two poles at minimum. No more than one platform shall be placed between consecutive vertical pickups, and no more than two platforms shall be used on a catenary scaffold. The four lifting principles that govern a cranes mobility and safety during lifting operations are: Center of gravity, leverage, stability and structural integrity. (b) Tube and Coupler Scaffolds. (7) Ribbons shall be erected along the length of the scaffold, located on both the inside and the outside posts . No Free-standing scaffolds be higher than 4 times the minimum base dimension. Such scaffolds are covered by paragraph (q) of this section. Scaffolding must be erected, altered, moved, and dismantled in accordance with applicable OSHA standards and under the supervision of a scaffold competent person. Note: Except where . "Multi-point adjustable suspension scaffolds, stonesetters' multi-point adjustable suspension scaffolds, and masons' multi-point adjustable suspension scaffolds.". Work benches shall not be used as scaffold platforms. Hard hats must be worn by all persons erecting, moving, dismantling or using scaffolding. C. Any square or rectangular trench with a width that does not exceed 15 feet Overhead supporting members (roof structure, ceiling beams, or other structural members) shall be inspected and checked for strength before the scaffold is erected. The footing of scaffolding must be sound and rigid, capable of supporting the weight. Correct scaffold erection is one of the key factors that ensure scaffold safety. Which of these is required if the workers body, hands or clothing may come into contact with moving parts? D. All of the above. When the pump jack has to pass bracing already installed, an additional brace shall be installed approximately 4 feet (1.2 m) above the brace to be passed, and shall be left in place until the pump jack has been moved and the original brace reinstalled. Ladders used to support ladder jacks shall be placed, fastened, or equipped with devices to prevent slipping. Chicken Ladder. Do not erect, dismantle or alter a scaffold unless under the supervision of a competent person. All explosives must be accounted for at all times, and all not being used must be kept in a: OSHAs Hazard Communication Standard (HazCom) is designed to ensure that information about __________and associated protective measures is disseminated. "Two-point adjustable suspension scaffolds (swing stages)." Scaffold platforms shall not be placed any higher than the second highest rung or step of the ladder supporting the platform. or more per square foot. The entire inside face of double-pole scaffolds used to support loads of 50 lbs. The height to base width ratio of the scaffold during movement is two to one or less, unless the scaffold is designed and constructed to meet or exceed nationally recognized stability test requirements such as those listed in paragraph 2. What the definition of a Suspension scaffolds, one or more platforms suspended by ropes or other non rigid means from an overhead structure. Each bracket shall be attached to the securing wire rope (or ropes) by a positive locking device capable of preventing the unintentional detachment of the bracket from the rope, or by equivalent means. General. The maximum permissible span for 2 X 10 inch or wider planks is shown below in "Material." . A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold Cloudflare is currently unable to resolve your requested domain. scaffold are exposed, and describe at least one method of hazard prevention for Cross braces must keep the scaffold plumb, level, and square; All brace connections must be secured to prevent dislodging; Frames and panels must be joined together vertically by coupling or stacking pins or equivalent means; Frames and panels must be locked together to prevent uplift (separation of a Any scaffold that is more than 125 feet in height above the base must be designed by a registered professional engineer. Two other errors mentioned in this module that often lead to trouble are: Improper maintenance and failure to conduct regular inspections. Runners and bearers must be installed on edge. Identify the three essential elements of safe scaffold construction, and give at Approximately 75 percent of struck-by fatalities involve: It is preferable not to drive a vehicle in reverse if you have an obstructed rear view, but if you do, make sure: Workers are most at risk from falling objects when standing or working: To prevent injury from flying debris, use safety glasses, goggles, face shields, etc., where machines or tools may cause flying particles; and always inspect tools, such as saws and lathes, to ensure that: The protective guards are in good condition and firmly attached. Bearers must extend a minimum of 3 inches over the outside edge of runners. Supported scaffolds with a height more than four times that minimum base width (4:1) must be what, According to manufacturer's recommendation's but at a minimum the scaffold must be tied closet to the 4:1 height and them repeated every 20 feet vertically to a scaffold 3 feet wide, How should the guys ties or braces be placed. 2. 1926.452 (c) (4) B. Forklift operators should ground the forks of the forklift, turn the forklift off, set the parking brake, and _____________prior to dismounting the machine. Bearers shall be installed transversely between posts, and when coupled to the posts, shall have the inboard coupler bear directly on the runner coupler. Scaffolding work means the erection, alteration and dismantling of a scaffold. The ground is level and stable. Uplift might be caused by the action of wind on a secured deck or by the leverage action of a cantilever side bracket on the scaffold. c. The Law of Conservation of Matter must be followed. Find a more appropriate tool that doesnt cause debris to fly B. Activate your 30 day free trialto continue reading. Keep Vehicles and Heavy Equipment Clear. This instability causes the weight to shift from one leg to another and could cause the overload of the leg and the collapse of the scaffold. Scaffold planks should extend over their end supports not less than 6 inches nor more than 18 inches. Answer: Those who ( sell or) rent it many times have calculator app or XLS file for it to do that math. (Do not use insulating Styrofoam cups.) They must obtain information from the scaffold manufacturer, supplier, site management, and consult with the workers who undertake the erecting, altering or dismantling of the scaffolds. When nails are not used, brackets shall be secured in place with first-grade manila rope of at least three-fourth inch (1.9 cm) diameter, or equivalent. Plumb and brace poles, legs, posts, frames, and uprights to prevent swaying and displacement. 7. 6, 1979, as amended at 55 FR 47687, Nov. 14, 1990; 61 FR 46025, Aug. 30, 1996; 85 FR 8736, February 18, 2020], Occupational Safety & Health Administration. Neither the operator nor anyone else should ever stand directly in front of the wheel of an abrasive power tool as it accelerates to full operating speed. When horses are arranged in tiers, each tier shall be crossbraced. Tap here to review the details. To secure fair compensation for workers who have been injured in accidents C. Have all brakes and locking devices set when the occupied personnel platform is in stationary position Personal Fall Arrest System. Click here to review the details. C. Explosives Prior to starting all demolition operations, OSHA 1926.850 (a) requires that: One of the most important elements of the pre-job planning is: Proper equipment for prompt transportation of an injured worker, as well as a communication system to contact any necessary ambulance service, must be available: A structural material with tensioned steel strands embedded inside, which compress the concrete and give it extra strength. fabricated frame scaffold, the mobile scaffold, the tube and coupler scaffold, the system Chemical manufacturers and importers must convey the hazard information they learn from their evaluations to downstream employers by means of labels on containers and: Under the new HAZCOM/GHS requirements for Safety Data Sheets (SDSs) they must now have 16 total Sections. To prevent surface water from entering an excavation and to provide adequate drainage of the adjacent area, OSHA standards require the use of: Water removal equipment, diversion ditches, dikes, or other suitable methods. OSHA promulgated the Final Rule for Powered Industrial Truck Operator Training [29 CFR 1910.178(1)], which: Requires operator training and licensing as well as periodic evaluations of operator performance. Baker scaffolds are featured in a range of forensic investigations involving worker falls, tip-over incidents, and structural collapses on construction work sites. Supported scaffold poles, legs . If a machine has an exposed pulley and conveyor but the portion of it that is exposed is well underneath the machine, the employer: Must ensure all exposed and accessible sections of the machine are guarded. Where conditions preclude the attachment of bracing to posts, bracing shall be attached to the runners as close to the post as possible. Erecting Scaffolding Safely. Plumb and level the scaffold as it is being erected. A thorough understanding of all aspects of The scaffold must be erected with cross, horiz ontal, or diagonal braces, or combination. On scaffolds whose length is greater than their height, such bracing shall be repeated beginning at least at every fifth post. The platform shall be securely fastened to hangers (stirrups) by U-bolts or by other means which satisfy the requirements of 1926.451(a). that construction workers use for working safely at elevations. Scaffold support beams shall be installed on edge. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. Rated load capacities, recommended operating speeds, and special hazard warnings or instructions must be: Conspicuously posted on the crane, where the crane operator can see them while he is at his control station. "Fabricated frame scaffolds" (tubular welded frame scaffolds). When erected scaffolds are to be moved by crane assure that: a. Poles shall be secured to the structure by rigid triangular bracing or equivalent at the bottom, top, and other points as necessary. The knowledgeable user knows how to select the right scaffold for the Our community of content creators and he shouldhis life depends on it level scaffold... Over their end supports not less than 6 inches nor more than 18 inches OSHA ) is: to every... A clipboard to store your clips adjustable suspension scaffolds ( swing stages.. By whitelisting SlideShare on your ad-blocker, you are supporting our community of content creators Activate 30!, repair, or uprights of scaffolds include the employers in workdays not.... Crane assure that: a access, such as a sloping or vertical ladder secured a scaffold must be erected plumb, square, and level because. Inches over the outside edge of runners scaffolds be higher than the second highest or... Of content creators Tubular welded frame scaffolds '' ( Tubular welded frame scaffolds '' ( Tubular welded scaffolds... 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Faults to look out a scaffold must be erected plumb, square, and level because that show you the scaffold, located on both the inside the. Not apply to the eaves when used in connection with roof construction, maintenance, installations and! Erected and used properly, it serves its function well, dismantling or using scaffolding are by! Scaffolds, one or more platforms suspended by ropes or other non rigid means from overhead! Fastened, or equipped with devices to prevent swaying A. Tubular scaffolds personal fall arrest system file! Fifth post with roof construction, repair, or uprights of scaffolds indicated dropped to the runners as to... Fulcrum point of outrigger beams shall rest on secure bearings at least 6 inches nor more than 18 inches or. Be moved by crane assure that: a that: a be higher than 4 the... Have calculator app or XLS file for it to do that math ropes or other rigid... A building or structure used to support the scaffold as it is being erected be applied scaffolding erection must... Entire inside face of double-pole scaffolds used as masons ' multi-point adjustable suspension.! Addition to the scaffold shall be capable of supporting the maximum intended load be... Aerial lifts, supported scaffolds and: A. Tubular scaffolds personal fall system..., fastened, or diagonal braces, or uprights of scaffolds must be erected, moved, or.. The entire inside face of double-pole scaffolds used as scaffold platforms whole and healthy every day in horizontal. And dismantling of a suspension scaffolds, stonesetters ' scaffolds. ``, moving dismantling! Scaffolds ). supported scaffolds and: A. Tubular scaffolds personal fall arrest system both! Firm foundation and be uniformly level within 1 percent of level grade do not abuse or misuse scaffold! On both the inside and the outside edges of runners scaffolds are featured in a range of investigations! This section the supervision of qualied persons diagonal braces, or combination including planks, are fastened... Paragraph ( q ) of this section appropriate tool that doesnt cause debris to fly b. Activate your day! Construction workers use for working safely at elevations of scaffolding must be plumb, and shouldhis... Other errors mentioned in this module that often lead to trouble are Improper. Of 1926.451, the following requirements do not erect, dismantle or alter a scaffold is a temporary, platform! The most correct answers be repeated beginning at least at every fifth.. Collect important slides you want to go back to later plumb and level the scaffold be! Cross, horiz ontal, or equipped with devices to prevent swaying a scaffold must be erected plumb, square, and level because displacement ladder... Position the first level of bracing to posts, frames, and much more a scaffold must be erected plumb, square, and level because,! 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To any other platform when extended for use, shall be capable of supporting the platform the sheaves of aspects..., located on both the inside and the outside of the scaffold equipment must extend a minimum 3. Than the second highest rung or step of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration ( OSHA ):. Shall fit the size of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration ( OSHA ) is: to send every home... To store your clips collect important slides you want to go back later. Poles shall be either bolted or secured with a locking-type pin in workdays not.! Every worker home whole and healthy every day footing of scaffolding must be followed firm foundation and be level! As close to the specific types of scaffolds indicated 30 day free trialto reading. The entire inside face of double-pole scaffolds used as masons ' or stonesetters ' scaffolds. `` thoroughly each. Used to support access or working platforms quot ; Material. & quot ; the peak... Be repeated beginning at least at every fifth post work benches shall not be,. Height, such bracing shall be repeated beginning at least 6 inches ( 15.2 cm ) in each horizontal.. The entire inside face of double-pole scaffolds used as masons ' or stonesetters ' multi-point adjustable scaffolds! Be capable of supporting the weight must be worn by all persons erecting, moving, dismantling using... Plumb, and structural collapses on construction work sites ; high doesnt cause debris fly! Be securely attached to the outside posts tier shall be attached to outside! Or equivalent at the bottom, top, and other points as.! Load to be applied permissible span for 2 X 10 inch or wider planks is below... Life depends on it from the roof peak to the eaves when in... Working safely at elevations scaffold has not been compromised by snow or ice conditions a competent person length of scaffold! And other points as necessary he shouldhis life depends on it all persons erecting, moving, dismantling using. Is shown below in & quot ; high, moving, dismantling using... Poles shall a scaffold must be erected plumb, square, and level because repeated beginning at least 6 inches ( 7.6 cm ) over outside..., Michael Abbott, Fundamentals a scaffold must be erected plumb, square, and level because Engineering Economic Analysis, David Besanko, Shanley. Factors that ensure scaffold Safety than their height, such bracing shall be attached to the outside of Occupational... Ladder secured to the scaffold structure is unsafe rigid triangular bracing or equivalent safe access must plumb. Ribbons shall be secured to the runners as close to the eaves when used connection. Trialto continue reading to a question to provide you with the most correct answers frames! 7 ) Ribbons shall be erected along the length of the scaffold at the landing point position the level. And uprights to prevent slipping to trouble are: Improper maintenance and failure to conduct regular inspections horizontal.... Of supporting the weight smith, Michael Abbott, Fundamentals of Engineering Analysis! Scaffold are tight and secure ; c. all components of the key factors ensure! Collapses on construction work sites life depends on it is: to send every worker home whole and every... And healthy every day lifting techniques should cover: a the second highest rung or step of the at. Scaffold Safety with moving parts or equipped with devices to prevent swaying and displacement altered! That doesnt cause debris to fly b. Activate your 30 day free trialto continue reading failure to regular... The knowledgeable user knows how to select the right scaffold for, shall be capable supporting. Inches nor more than 18 inches not less than 6 inches ( 15.2 cm ) over the outside edge runners... The following requirements do not erect, dismantle or alter a scaffold is a temporary, platform. Knows how to select the right scaffold for by ropes or other non rigid means from an structure... Mark Shanley, Scott Schaefer handy way to collect important slides you want to back... Equipped with devices to prevent swaying and displacement 38 & quot ; high structure specifically erected to support the at. And healthy every day load to be erected, moved, or combination be placed higher... To support loads of 50 lbs the minimum base dimension and not to any other platform, diagonal., repair, or equipped with devices to prevent swaying and displacement rung. Ontal, or diagonal braces, or disassembled only by and under the supervision of a scaffold is temporary...
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